De jure racial segregation

2005
united states

De jure racial segregation refers to the legally enforced separation of different racial or ethnic groups in society. This type of segregation is codified in laws and regulations that explicitly dictate where people of different races can live, work, attend school, and socialize. De jure racial segregation was prevalent in the United States prior to the Civil Rights Movement, with laws such as Jim Crow laws mandating separate facilities for white and black people. This system of segregation was eventually declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in landmark cases such as Brown v. Board of Education.

Further reading

Dubey M.; Goldberg E.S. (2011) "New frontiers, cross currents and convergences: Emerging cultural paradigms", The Cambridge History of African American Literature, 566-618. Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CHOL9780511780967.025

Boxill B.R. (2005) "Black liberation Yes!", The Liberation Debate: Rights at Issue, 49-63. Taylor and Francis. DOI: 10.4324/9780203976692-13

Clanton G. (2019) "A white memoir of the american apartheid: Lest we forget", Studies in Symbolic Interaction, 50(), pp. 171-180. Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.. DOI: 10.1108/S0163-239620190000050008

Kennedy R.L. (2014) "Ackerman's brown", Yale Law Journal, 123(8), pp. 3064-3075. Yale Law Journal. DOI: [1]

Höhn M. (2011) "Love across the color line the limits of German and American Democracy, 1945 1968", Germans and African Americans: Two Centuries of Exchange, 105-125. University Press of Mississippi. DOI: [2]

Dixson A.D. (2011) "Democracy now? Race, education, and black self determination", Teachers College Record, 113(4), pp. 811-830. Teachers College, Columbia University. DOI: [3]