Forced segregation

Date and country of first publication

2003
South Africa

Definition

Forced segregation refers to the governmental or institutional policy of separating different racial or ethnic groups, often based on criteria such as skin color or national origin. This practice has been used historically to establish and maintain racial hierarchy and control, particularly in the context of racism and discrimination against minority groups. Forced segregation can manifest in various forms, such as separate schools, housing, public facilities, transportation, and communities for different racial or ethnic groups. It has been a significant issue in many countries, particularly during periods of heightened racial tension and social inequality. Examples of forced segregation include apartheid in South Africa, the Jim Crow laws in the United States, and the Indian residential school system in Canada.

Related segregation forms

Forced segregation is frequently discussed in the literature with the following segregation forms:

school segregation, social segregation, voluntary residential segregation

This visualization is based on the study The Multidisciplinary Landscape of Segregation Research.

For the complete network of interrelated segregation forms, please refer to:

• First year of publication

• Louvain clusters

• Betweenness centrality

• Disciplines in which segregation forms first emerged (Scopus database).

Notes

At its current state, this definition has been generated by a Large Language Model (LLM) so far without review by an independent researcher or a member of the curating team of segregation experts that keep the Segregation Wiki online. While we strive for accuracy, we cannot guarantee its reliability, completeness and timeliness. Please use this content with caution and verify information as needed. Also, feel free to improve on the definition as you see fit, including the use of references and other informational resources. We value your input in enhancing the quality and accuracy of the definitions of segregation forms collectively offered in the Segregation Wiki ©.

Forced segregation appears in the following literature

DEUTSCHER M., CHEIN I. (1948). The psychological effects of enforced segregation; a survey of social science opinion. The Journal of psychology, 26(), 259-287. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1948.9917408

Swartz L. (1985). Issues for cross cultural psychiatric research in South Africa. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 9(1), 59-74. Kluwer Academic Publishers.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00048537

Maharaj B. (2003). ‘Co operation…consultation and consent’: The failure of voluntary residential segregation in durban (1920 1945). South African Geographical Journal, 85(2), 134-143. https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2003.9713793

McLaren K. (2004). "We had no desire to be set apart": Forced segregation of black students in Canada west public schools and myths of british egalitarianism. Histoire Sociale, 37(73), 27-50. https://doi.org/

Potter C., Tilzey M. (2005). Agricultural policy discourses in the European post Fordist transition: Neoliberalism, neomercantilism and multifunctionality. Progress in Human Geography, 29(5), 581-600. Arnold.https://doi.org/10.1191/0309132505ph569oa

Carroll B. (2006). From fraternity to fracture: Black press coverage of and involvement in negro league baseball in the 1920s. American Journalism, 23(2), 69-95. Bellwether Publishing, Ltd..https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2006.10678011

Rohleder P., Swartz L., Carolissen R., Bozalek V., Leibowitz B. (2008). "Communities isn't just about trees and shops": Students from two South African Universities engage in dialogue about 'community' and 'community work'. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 18(3), 253-267. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.918

Paces C. (2009). Prague panoramas: National memory and sacred space in the twentieth century. Prague Panoramas: National Memory and Sacred Space in the Twentieth Century, 1-309. University of Pittsburgh Press.https://doi.org/

Ibrahim I. (201). Emigration patterns among palestinian women in Israel. Displaced at Home: Ethnicity and Gender among Palestinians in Israel, 207-222. State University of New York Press.https://doi.org/

Lemon A. (2011). Residential Segregation: Apartheid. International Encyclopedia of Housing and Home, 111-120. Elsevier.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-047163-1.00088-6

Valencia R.R. (2011). Segregation, desegregation, and integration of chicano students. Chicano School Failure and Success: Past, Present, and Future, 42-75. Taylor and Francis.https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203835982-9

Feder J. (2012). Affirmative action in employment: A legal overview*. Affirmative Action and Preferential Treatment: Laws and Developments, 57-79. Nova Science Publishers, Inc..https://doi.org/

Ngoc Yen L.H. (2018). The Nuns of Lepers: Compassion, Discipline and Surrogate Parenthood in a Former Leper Colony of Vietnam. Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 19(4), 350-366. Routledge.https://doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2018.1480652

Williams J.R. (202). A working woman’s eye: Anne Fischer and the South African photography of Weimar women in exile. Women and Photography in Africa: Creative Practices and Feminist Challenges, 23-44. Taylor and Francis.https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003087410-3

Wilson R., Faramelli A. (2022). Spaces of Refuge: The Clinical Practice of Félix Guattari and Institutional Psychotherapy. Deleuze and Guattari Studies, 16(4), 623-641. Edinburgh University Press.https://doi.org/10.3366/dlgs.2022.0497