Suburban racial segregation

1981
united states

Suburban racial segregation refers to the uneven distribution of different racial or ethnic groups within suburban areas. It is a phenomenon in which certain suburbs become predominantly populated by one racial or ethnic group, while others remain predominantly populated by another group. This segregation can be the result of various factors, including historical patterns of racial discrimination, economic disparities, and individual preferences or choices.

One significant factor contributing to suburban racial segregation is the history of discriminatory housing practices such as redlining, restrictive covenants, and steering. These practices, which were prominent in the United States until the mid-20th century, systematically denied housing opportunities to minority groups in suburban areas, leading to concentrated racial segregation in urban neighborhoods. As minority communities faced limited housing options, they were more likely to settle in urban areas, while white communities were able to move to suburban areas.

Economic disparities also play a role in suburban racial segregation. Due to historic disadvantages and ongoing systemic barriers, minority communities often have lower incomes and wealth compared to their white counterparts. This can limit their housing options and make it more difficult for them to move to suburban areas with better schools, amenities, and opportunities. As a result, some suburbs become predominantly white and affluent, while others become predominantly minority and low-income.

Individual preferences and choices also contribute to suburban racial segregation. People often choose to live in neighborhoods with people who are similar to themselves in terms of race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. This can create self-perpetuating cycles of segregation, where individuals' choices and preferences reinforce existing patterns of racial separation. Some individuals may also harbor biases and prejudices that lead them to actively avoid living in racially diverse neighborhoods.

Suburban racial segregation has significant consequences for individuals and communities. It can perpetuate disparities in access to quality education, healthcare, employment, and other resources. Segregation can also limit social interactions and opportunities for people of different racial or ethnic backgrounds to understand and appreciate each other's perspectives, which can reinforce stereotypes and perpetuate racial division.

Efforts to address suburban racial segregation include promoting fair housing policies, supporting programs that increase access to affordable housing in suburban areas, and providing resources and opportunities to disadvantaged communities. There is also a growing recognition of the importance of creating inclusive and diverse communities that promote integration and equity for all residents.

Further reading

Logan J.R.; Stearns L.B. (1981) "Suburban Racial Segregation as a Nonecological Process", Social Forces, 60(1), pp. 61-73. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/sf/60.1.61