Job segregation: Difference between revisions

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==Further reading==  
==Further reading==  


Marshall R. (1963) "Some factors influencing the upgrading of negroes in the southern petroleu \1 refining industry", Social Forces, 42(2), pp. 186-195. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/42.2.186 10.1093/sf/42.2.186]
Marshall R. (1963) Some factors influencing the upgrading of negroes in the southern petroleu \1 refining industry. ''Social Forces'', ''42''(2), 186-195. [https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/42.2.186]


Stevenson M. (1973) "Women's Wages and Job Segregation", Politics & Society, 4(1), pp. 83-96. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/003232927300400104 10.1177/003232927300400104]
Stevenson M. (1973) Women's Wages and Job Segregation. ''Politics & Society'', ''4''(1), 83-96. [https://doi.org/10.1177/003232927300400104]


Wisniewski S.C. (1982) "Achieving equal pay for comparable worth through arbitration.", Employee relations law journal, 8(2), pp. 236-255. . DOI: [https://doi.org/ ]
Wisniewski S.C. (1982) Achieving equal pay for comparable worth through arbitration.. ''Employee relations law journal'', ''8''(2), 236-255. [https://doi.org/]


Stahura J.M. (1983) "Determinants of Change in the Distribution of Blacks across Suburbs", Sociological Quarterly, 24(3), pp. 421-433. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1983.tb00711.x 10.1111/j.1533-8525.1983.tb00711.x]
Stahura J.M. (1983) Determinants of Change in the Distribution of Blacks across Suburbs. ''Sociological Quarterly'', ''24''(3), 421-433. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1983.tb00711.x]


Reskin B.F. (1988) "Bringing the men back in: Sex Differentiation and the Devaluation of Women's Work", Gender & Society, 2(1), pp. 58-81. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/089124388002001005 10.1177/089124388002001005]
Reskin B.F. (1988) Bringing the men back in: Sex Differentiation and the Devaluation of Women's Work. ''Gender & Society'', ''2''(1), 58-81. [https://doi.org/10.1177/089124388002001005]


Hensman R. (1988) "The gender divisions of labour in manufacturing industry  a case study in india", South Asia Research, 8(2), pp. 133-153. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/026272808800800203 10.1177/026272808800800203]
Hensman R. (1988) The gender divisions of labour in manufacturing industry  a case study in india. ''South Asia Research'', ''8''(2), 133-153. [https://doi.org/10.1177/026272808800800203]


Williams R.M.; Smith P.R. (1990) "What else do unions do?: Race and gender in local 35", The Review of Black Political Economy, 18(3), pp. 59-74. Springer-Verlag. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02717875 10.1007/BF02717875]
Williams R.M., Smith P.R. (1990) What else do unions do?: Race and gender in local 35. ''The Review of Black Political Economy'', ''18''(3), 59-74. Springer-Verlag.[https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02717875]


Hou J.W. (1991) "Wage comparison by gender and the effect of job segregation: The case of Taiwan", China Economic Review, 2(2), pp. 195-214. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1016/1043-951X(91)90004-R 10.1016/1043-951X(91)90004-R]
Hou J.W. (1991) Wage comparison by gender and the effect of job segregation: The case of Taiwan. ''China Economic Review'', ''2''(2), 195-214. [https://doi.org/10.1016/1043-951X(91)90004-R]


Morgan G.; Knights D. (1991) "Gendering jobs: Corporate strategy, managerial control and the dynamics of job segregation", Work Employment & Society, 5(2), pp. 181-200. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017091005002003 10.1177/0950017091005002003]
Morgan G., Knights D. (1991) Gendering jobs: Corporate strategy, managerial control and the dynamics of job segregation. ''Work Employment & Society'', ''5''(2), 181-200. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017091005002003]


Grand C. (1991) "Explaining the Male Female Wage Gap: Job Segregation and Solidarity Wage Bargaining in Sweden", Acta Sociologica, 34(4), pp. 261-277. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/000169939103400402 10.1177/000169939103400402]
Grand C. (1991) Explaining the Male Female Wage Gap: Job Segregation and Solidarity Wage Bargaining in Sweden. ''Acta Sociologica'', ''34''(4), 261-277. [https://doi.org/10.1177/000169939103400402]


Hakim C. (1991) "Grateful slaves and self made women: Fact and fantasy in women's work orientations", European Sociological Review, 7(2), pp. 101-121. Oxford University Press. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.esr.a036590 10.1093/oxfordjournals.esr.a036590]
Hakim C. (1991) Grateful slaves and self made women: Fact and fantasy in women's work orientations. ''European Sociological Review'', ''7''(2), 101-121. Oxford University Press.[https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.esr.a036590]


Devine F. (1993) "Gender segregation and labour supply: On ‘choosing’ gender atypical jobs", British Journal of Education & Work, 6(3), pp. 61-74. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1080/0269000930060304 10.1080/0269000930060304]
Devine F. (1993) Gender segregation and labour supply: On ‘choosing’ gender atypical jobs. ''British Journal of Education & Work'', ''6''(3), 61-74. [https://doi.org/10.1080/0269000930060304]


Tanski J.M. (1994) "The impact of crisis, stabilization and structural adjustment on women in Lima, Peru", World Development, 22(11), pp. 1627-1642. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(94)00073-5 10.1016/0305-750X(94)00073-5]
Tanski J.M. (1994) The impact of crisis, stabilization and structural adjustment on women in Lima, Peru. ''World Development'', ''22''(11), 1627-1642. [https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(94)00073-5]


Kenney S.J. (1994) "Who Is Protected? What’s Wrong ith Exclusionary Policies", Women and Politics, 13(3-4), pp. 153-173. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1300/J014v13n03_10 10.1300/J014v13n03_10]
Kenney S.J. (1994) Who Is Protected? What’s Wrong ith Exclusionary Policies. ''Women and Politics'', ''13''(3-4), 153-173. [https://doi.org/10.1300/J014v13n03_10]


Core F. (1994) "Women and the restructuring of employment", OECD Observer, 186(), pp. 5-12. . DOI: [https://doi.org/ ]
Core F. (1994) Women and the restructuring of employment. ''OECD Observer'', ''186''(), 5-12. [https://doi.org/]


Hutton S. (1994) "Men's and women's incomes: evidence from survey data", Journal of Social Policy, 23(1), pp. 21-40. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400021309 10.1017/s0047279400021309]
Hutton S. (1994) Men's and women's incomes: evidence from survey data. ''Journal of Social Policy'', ''23''(1), 21-40. [https://doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400021309]


Kulis S.S.; Shaw H.E. (1996) "Racial segregation among postsecondary workers", Social Forces, 75(2), pp. 575-591. University of North Carolina Press. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/75.2.575 10.1093/sf/75.2.575]
Kulis S.S., Shaw H.E. (1996) Racial segregation among postsecondary workers. ''Social Forces'', ''75''(2), 575-591. University of North Carolina Press.[https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/75.2.575]


Kulis S. (1997) "Gender segregation among college and university employees", Sociology of Education, 70(2), pp. 151-173. American Sociological Association. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.2307/2673161 10.2307/2673161]
Kulis S. (1997) Gender segregation among college and university employees. ''Sociology of Education'', ''70''(2), 151-173. American Sociological Association.[https://doi.org/10.2307/2673161]


Hull R.P.; Umansky P.H. (1997) "An examination of gender stereotyping as an explanation for vertical job segregation in public accounting", Accounting, Organizations and Society, 22(6), pp. 507-528. Elsevier Ltd. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1016/S0361-3682(96)00028-1 10.1016/S0361-3682(96)00028-1]
Hull R.P., Umansky P.H. (1997) An examination of gender stereotyping as an explanation for vertical job segregation in public accounting. ''Accounting, Organizations and Society'', ''22''(6), 507-528. Elsevier Ltd.[https://doi.org/10.1016/S0361-3682(96)00028-1]


Wong M.M.L. (1997) "Women's employment status in two Japanese retail stores in Hong Kong", Women in Management Review, 12(4), pp. 150-157. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1108/09649429710171181 10.1108/09649429710171181]
Wong M.M.L. (1997) Women's employment status in two Japanese retail stores in Hong Kong. ''Women in Management Review'', ''12''(4), 150-157. [https://doi.org/10.1108/09649429710171181]


Jordan F. (1997) "An occupational hazard? Sex segregation in tourism employment", Tourism Management, 18(8), pp. 525-534. Elsevier Ltd. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(97)00074-5 10.1016/S0261-5177(97)00074-5]
Jordan F. (1997) An occupational hazard? Sex segregation in tourism employment. ''Tourism Management'', ''18''(8), 525-534. Elsevier Ltd.[https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(97)00074-5]


Brown K. (1997) "Evaluating equity outcomes in state public sectors: A comparison of three housing agencies", Australian Journal of Public Administration, 56(4), pp. 57-66. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.1997.tb02489.x 10.1111/j.1467-8500.1997.tb02489.x]
Brown K. (1997) Evaluating equity outcomes in state public sectors: A comparison of three housing agencies. ''Australian Journal of Public Administration'', ''56''(4), 57-66. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.1997.tb02489.x]


Lee W.K.M. (1998) "Gender inequality and discrimination in Singapore", Journal of Contemporary Asia, 28(4), pp. 484-497. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1080/00472339880000261 10.1080/00472339880000261]
Lee W.K.M. (1998) Gender inequality and discrimination in Singapore. ''Journal of Contemporary Asia'', ''28''(4), 484-497. [https://doi.org/10.1080/00472339880000261]


Egan M. (1998) "Gendered integration: Social policies and the European market", Women and Politics, 19(4), pp. 23-52. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1300/J014v19n04_02 10.1300/J014v19n04_02]
Egan M. (1998) Gendered integration: Social policies and the European market. ''Women and Politics'', ''19''(4), 23-52. [https://doi.org/10.1300/J014v19n04_02]


Marsh R.M. (1998) "Gender and pay in Taiwan: Men's attitudes in 1963 and 1991", International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 39(1), pp. 134-137. Brill Academic Publishers. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/002071529803900108 10.1177/002071529803900108]
Marsh R.M. (1998) Gender and pay in Taiwan: Men's attitudes in 1963 and 1991. ''International Journal of Comparative Sociology'', ''39''(1), 134-137. Brill Academic Publishers.[https://doi.org/10.1177/002071529803900108]


Schultz V. (1998) "Reconceptualizing Sexual Harassment", Yale Law Journal, 107(6), pp. 1683-1805. Yale Law Journal. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.2307/797337 10.2307/797337]
Schultz V. (1998) Reconceptualizing Sexual Harassment. ''Yale Law Journal'', ''107''(6), 1683-1805. Yale Law Journal.[https://doi.org/10.2307/797337]


Katz E.N. (1999) "Revisiting the origins of the industrial colour bar in the Witwatersrand gold mining industry, 1891 1899", Journal of Southern African Studies, 25(1), pp. 73-97. Carfax Publishing Company. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1080/030570799108768 10.1080/030570799108768]
Katz E.N. (1999) Revisiting the origins of the industrial colour bar in the Witwatersrand gold mining industry, 1891 1899. ''Journal of Southern African Studies'', ''25''(1), 73-97. Carfax Publishing Company.[https://doi.org/10.1080/030570799108768]


Mason P.L. (1999) "Male interracial wage differentials: Competing explanations", Cambridge Journal of Economics, 23(3), pp. 261-299. Oxford University Press. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/23.3.261 10.1093/cje/23.3.261]
Mason P.L. (1999) Male interracial wage differentials: Competing explanations. ''Cambridge Journal of Economics'', ''23''(3), 261-299. Oxford University Press.[https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/23.3.261]


Mencken F.C.; Winfield I. (1999) "Employer recruiting and the gender composition of jobs", Sociological Focus, 32(2), pp. 201-220. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.1999.10571135 10.1080/00380237.1999.10571135]
Mencken F.C., Winfield I. (1999) Employer recruiting and the gender composition of jobs. ''Sociological Focus'', ''32''(2), 201-220. [https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.1999.10571135]


Reskin B.F.; McBrier D.B.; Kmec J.A. (1999) "The determinants and consequences of workplace sex and race composition", Annual Review of Sociology, 25(), pp. 335-361. Annual Reviews Inc.. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.335 10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.335]
Reskin B.F., McBrier D.B., Kmec J.A. (1999) The determinants and consequences of workplace sex and race composition. ''Annual Review of Sociology'', ''25''(), 335-361. Annual Reviews Inc..[https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.335]


Kidd M.; Goninon T. (2000) "Female concentration and the gender wage differential in the United Kingdom", Applied Economics Letters, 7(5), pp. 337-340. Routledge Journals. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1080/135048500351492 10.1080/135048500351492]
Kidd M., Goninon T. (2000) Female concentration and the gender wage differential in the United Kingdom. ''Applied Economics Letters'', ''7''(5), 337-340. Routledge Journals.[https://doi.org/10.1080/135048500351492]


Maume Jr. D.J.; Houston P. (2001) "Job segregation and gender differences in work family spillover among white collar workers", Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 22(2), pp. 171-189. Springer New York LLC. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016682213699 10.1023/A:1016682213699]
Maume Jr. D.J., Houston P. (2001) Job segregation and gender differences in work family spillover among white collar workers. ''Journal of Family and Economic Issues'', ''22''(2), 171-189. Springer New York LLC.[https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016682213699]


Browne I.; Hewitt C.; Tigges L.; Green G. (2001) "Why does job segregation lead to wage inequality among African Americans? Person, place, sector, or skills?", Social Science Research, 30(3), pp. 473-495. Academic Press Inc.. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1006/ssre.2001.0708 10.1006/ssre.2001.0708]
Browne I., Hewitt C., Tigges L., Green G. (2001) Why does job segregation lead to wage inequality among African Americans? Person, place, sector, or skills?. ''Social Science Research'', ''30''(3), 473-495. Academic Press Inc..[https://doi.org/10.1006/ssre.2001.0708]


Ngo H.-Y.; Foley S.; Wong A.; Loi R. (2003) "Who Gets More of the Pie? Predictors of Perceived Gender Inequity at Work", Journal of Business Ethics, 45(3), pp. 227-241. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024179524538 10.1023/A:1024179524538]
Ngo H.-Y., Foley S., Wong A., Loi R. (2003) Who Gets More of the Pie? Predictors of Perceived Gender Inequity at Work. ''Journal of Business Ethics'', ''45''(3), 227-241. [https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024179524538]


Rudin J.P. (2003) "U.S. pay equity legislation: Sheep in wolves' clothing", Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 15(4), pp. 183-190. Springer New York. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1023/B:ERRJ.0000004057.30278.4c 10.1023/B:ERRJ.0000004057.30278.4c]
Rudin J.P. (2003) U.S. pay equity legislation: Sheep in wolves' clothing. ''Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal'', ''15''(4), 183-190. Springer New York.[https://doi.org/10.1023/B:ERRJ.0000004057.30278.4c]


Guy M.E.; Newman M.A. (2004) "Women's jobs, men's jobs: Sex segregation and emotional labor", Public Administration Review, 64(3), pp. 289-298. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2004.00373.x 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2004.00373.x]
Guy M.E., Newman M.A. (2004) Women's jobs, men's jobs: Sex segregation and emotional labor. ''Public Administration Review'', ''64''(3), 289-298. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2004.00373.x]


Huffman M.L.; Cohen P.N. (2004) "Racial Wage Inequality: Job Segregation and Devaluation Across U.S. Labor Markets", American Journal of Sociology, 109(4), pp. 902-936. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1086/378928 10.1086/378928]
Huffman M.L., Cohen P.N. (2004) Racial Wage Inequality: Job Segregation and Devaluation Across U.S. Labor Markets. ''American Journal of Sociology'', ''109''(4), 902-936. [https://doi.org/10.1086/378928]


Hewitt C.M. (2004) "African American concentration in jobs: The political economy of job segregation and contestation in Atlanta", Urban Affairs Review, 39(3), pp. 318-341. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/1078087403253416 10.1177/1078087403253416]
Hewitt C.M. (2004) African American concentration in jobs: The political economy of job segregation and contestation in Atlanta. ''Urban Affairs Review'', ''39''(3), 318-341. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1078087403253416]


Stone P.; Kuperberg A. (2005) "Anti discrimination vs. anti poverty? A comparison of pay equity and living wage reforms", Journal of Women, Politics and Policy, 27(3-4), pp. 23-39. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1300/J501v27n03_03 10.1300/J501v27n03_03]
Stone P., Kuperberg A. (2005) Anti discrimination vs. anti poverty? A comparison of pay equity and living wage reforms. ''Journal of Women, Politics and Policy'', ''27''(3-4), 23-39. [https://doi.org/10.1300/J501v27n03_03]


Kesler C. (2006) "Social policy and immigrant joblessness in Britain, Germany and Sweden", Social Forces, 85(2), pp. 743-770. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2007.0013 10.1353/sof.2007.0013]
Kesler C. (2006) Social policy and immigrant joblessness in Britain, Germany and Sweden. ''Social Forces'', ''85''(2), 743-770. [https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2007.0013]


Queneau H. (2006) "Is the long term reduction in occupational sex segregation still continuing in the United States?", Social Science Journal, 43(4), pp. 681-688. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2006.08.019 10.1016/j.soscij.2006.08.019]
Queneau H. (2006) Is the long term reduction in occupational sex segregation still continuing in the United States?. ''Social Science Journal'', ''43''(4), 681-688. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2006.08.019]


Brynin M. (2006) "Gender equality through computerisation", European Sociological Review, 22(2), pp. 111-123. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jci046 10.1093/esr/jci046]
Brynin M. (2006) Gender equality through computerisation. ''European Sociological Review'', ''22''(2), 111-123. [https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jci046]


DiTomaso N.; Post C.; Parks-Yancy R. (2007) "Workforce diversity and inequality: Power, status, and numbers", Annual Review of Sociology, 33(), pp. 473-501. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.33.040406.131805 10.1146/annurev.soc.33.040406.131805]
DiTomaso N., Post C., Parks-Yancy R. (2007) Workforce diversity and inequality: Power, status, and numbers. ''Annual Review of Sociology'', ''33''(), 473-501. [https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.33.040406.131805]


Semyonov M.; Herring C. (2007) "Segregated jobs or ethnic niches?. The impact of racialized employment on earnings inequality", Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 25(4), pp. 245-257. JAI Press. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2007.08.006 10.1016/j.rssm.2007.08.006]
Semyonov M., Herring C. (2007) Segregated jobs or ethnic niches?. The impact of racialized employment on earnings inequality. ''Research in Social Stratification and Mobility'', ''25''(4), 245-257. JAI Press.[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2007.08.006]


Ashcraft K.L. (2007) "Appreciating the ‘work’ of discourse: Occupational identity and difference as organizing mechanisms in the case of commercial airline pilots", Discourse & Communication, 1(1), pp. 9-36. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/1750481307071982 10.1177/1750481307071982]
Ashcraft K.L. (2007) Appreciating the ‘work’ of discourse: Occupational identity and difference as organizing mechanisms in the case of commercial airline pilots. ''Discourse & Communication'', ''1''(1), 9-36. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1750481307071982]


Berik G.; van der Meulen Rodgers Y.; Seguino S. (2009) "Feminist economics of inequality, development, and growth", Feminist Economics, 15(3), pp. 1-33. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1080/13545700903093524 10.1080/13545700903093524]
Berik G., van der Meulen Rodgers Y., Seguino S. (2009) Feminist economics of inequality, development, and growth. ''Feminist Economics'', ''15''(3), 1-33. [https://doi.org/10.1080/13545700903093524]


Fuess S.M.; Hou J.W. (2009) "Rapid economic development and job segregation in Taiwan", Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 30(2), pp. 171-183. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-009-9146-y 10.1007/s10834-009-9146-y]
Fuess S.M., Hou J.W. (2009) Rapid economic development and job segregation in Taiwan. ''Journal of Family and Economic Issues'', ''30''(2), 171-183. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-009-9146-y]


Kaas L. (2009) "Does equal pay legislation reduce labour market inequality?", Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 111(1), pp. 51-71. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9442.2008.01554.x 10.1111/j.1467-9442.2008.01554.x]
Kaas L. (2009) Does equal pay legislation reduce labour market inequality?. ''Scandinavian Journal of Economics'', ''111''(1), 51-71. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9442.2008.01554.x]


Kalev A. (2009) "Cracking the glass cages? Restructuring and ascriptive inequality at work", American Journal of Sociology, 114(6), pp. 1591-1643. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1086/597175 10.1086/597175]
Kalev A. (2009) Cracking the glass cages? Restructuring and ascriptive inequality at work. ''American Journal of Sociology'', ''114''(6), 1591-1643. [https://doi.org/10.1086/597175]


Junor A.; Hampson I.; Smith M. (2009) "Valuing skills: Helping mainstream gender equity in the New Zealand State sector", Public Policy and Administration, 24(2), pp. 195-211. SAGE Publications Ltd. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/0952076708100879 10.1177/0952076708100879]
Junor A., Hampson I., Smith M. (2009) Valuing skills: Helping mainstream gender equity in the New Zealand State sector. ''Public Policy and Administration'', ''24''(2), 195-211. SAGE Publications Ltd.[https://doi.org/10.1177/0952076708100879]


Junor A.; Hampson I.; Smith M. (2009) "Valuing skills: Helping mainstream gender equity in the New Zealand State sector", Public Policy and Administration, 24(2), pp. 195-211. SAGE Publications Ltd. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/0952076708100879 10.1177/0952076708100879]
Junor A., Hampson I., Smith M. (2009) Valuing skills: Helping mainstream gender equity in the New Zealand State sector. ''Public Policy and Administration'', ''24''(2), 195-211. SAGE Publications Ltd.[https://doi.org/10.1177/0952076708100879]


Williams C.L.; Connell C. (2010) ""Looking good and sounding right": Aesthetic labor and social inequality in the retail industry", Work and Occupations, 37(3), pp. 349-377. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888410373744 10.1177/0730888410373744]
Williams C.L., Connell C. (2010) "Looking good and sounding right": Aesthetic labor and social inequality in the retail industry. ''Work and Occupations'', ''37''(3), 349-377. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888410373744]


Duarte C.M.C.; Esperança J.P.; Curto J.D.; Santos M.C.; Carapeto M. (2010) "The determinants of gender pay gap in Portuguese private firms", Gender in Management, 25(6), pp. 438-461. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1108/17542411011069873 10.1108/17542411011069873]
Duarte C.M.C., Esperança J.P., Curto J.D., Santos M.C., Carapeto M. (2010) The determinants of gender pay gap in Portuguese private firms. ''Gender in Management'', ''25''(6), 438-461. [https://doi.org/10.1108/17542411011069873]


Guillaume C.; Pochic S. (2011) "The organisational nature of union careers: The touchstone of equality policies? comparing France and the UK", European Societies, 13(4), pp. 607-631. . DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2011.580855 10.1080/14616696.2011.580855]
Guillaume C., Pochic S. (2011) The organisational nature of union careers: The touchstone of equality policies? comparing France and the UK. ''European Societies'', ''13''(4), 607-631. [https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2011.580855]


North L. (2012) "‘Blokey’ newsrooms still a battleground for female journalists", Australian Journalism Review, 34(2), pp. 57-70. Intellect Ltd.. DOI: [https://doi.org/ ]
North L. (2012) ‘Blokey’ newsrooms still a battleground for female journalists. ''Australian Journalism Review'', ''34''(2), 57-70. Intellect Ltd..[https://doi.org/]


Stone P.; Kuperberg A. (2012) "Anti discrimination vs. anti poverty? A comparison of pay equity and living wage reforms", Women, Work, and Poverty: Women Centered Research for Policy Change, 27(3-4), pp. 23-39. Taylor and Francis. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1300/J501v27n03_03 10.1300/J501v27n03_03]
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Revision as of 07:51, 16 April 2024

Date and country of first publication[1]

1963
United States

Definition

Job segregation refers to the practice of separating individuals into certain types of jobs based on their gender, race, age, or other protected characteristics. It is the result of discrimination and systemic biases in hiring practices and can contribute to unequal opportunities and treatment in the workplace.

Historically, women and minority groups have often been relegated to lower-paying and lower-status jobs, while men have dominated higher-paying and higher-status positions. The practice of job segregation can perpetuate stereotypes and reinforce inequalities, limiting the advancement and representation of certain groups in higher-level roles.

In many countries, laws and regulations have been established to combat job segregation and promote equal employment opportunities. These include laws like the Equal Pay Act, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, and other antidiscrimination laws aimed at breaking down barriers and promoting diversity and inclusion in the workforce.

While progress has been made over the years, job segregation still persists in many industries and professions. Efforts to address this issue involve promoting diversity and inclusion in recruitment, providing equal opportunities for training and advancement, and challenging stereotypes and biases that contribute to job segregation.

Overall, job segregation is a detrimental practice that limits individual potential and hinders social progress. Creating inclusive workplaces where individuals of all backgrounds have equal opportunities for employment and advancement is crucial for creating a fair and equitable society.

See also

References

Notes

  1. Date and country of first publication as informed by the Scopus database (December 2023).
At its current state, this definition has been generated by a Large Language Model (LLM) so far without review by an independent researcher or a member of the curating team of segregation experts that keep the Segregation Wiki online. While we strive for accuracy, we cannot guarantee its reliability, completeness and timeliness. Please use this content with caution and verify information as needed. Also, feel free to improve on the definition as you see fit, including the use of references and other informational resources. We value your input in enhancing the quality and accuracy of the definitions of segregation forms collectively offered in the Segregation Wiki ©.

Further reading

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