Economic residential segregation

Date and country of first publication

2003
Sweden

Definition

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Economic residential segregation refers to the spatial separation of different socioeconomic groups in residential areas. It occurs when people of different income levels, wealth, or occupation tend to live in separate neighborhoods or communities.

There are several factors that contribute to economic residential segregation. One major factor is income inequality, where people of different income levels have different housing options available to them. Higher-income individuals can afford to live in more affluent neighborhoods, while lower-income individuals are often limited to neighborhoods with lower-quality housing and fewer amenities.

Another factor is discrimination and historical factors, such as redlining and racial segregation. These practices and policies have resulted in the concentration of poverty in certain neighborhoods, making it difficult for individuals living in poverty to escape this cycle.

Economic residential segregation can have various consequences. It can perpetuate income inequality by limiting access to better opportunities, such as good schools, healthcare, and amenities, for those living in segregated neighborhoods. It can also lead to the creation of social and cultural barriers between different socioeconomic groups, fostering a lack of understanding and empathy among residents.

Furthermore, economic residential segregation can result in the concentration of social problems in certain neighborhoods, such as crime, unemployment, and limited access to essential services. This can lead to a cycle of poverty and underdevelopment in these areas, further perpetuating economic inequality.

Efforts to address economic residential segregation often involve policies aimed at promoting affordable housing options in diverse neighborhoods and encouraging mixed-income communities. These policies can include the construction of affordable housing units in affluent areas, the elimination of discriminatory housing practices, and the provision of support services to residents of economically disadvantaged neighborhoods.

Ultimately, reducing economic residential segregation requires a comprehensive approach that addresses income inequality, discrimination, and historical factors, while also promoting inclusivity and equal opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their socioeconomic status.

Further reading

Farley R. (1977) "Residential segregation in urbanized areas of the United States in 1970: An analysis of social class and racial differences", Demography, 14(4), pp. 497-518. . DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.2307/2060592 10.2307/2060592]

Gentile M. (2003) "Residential segregation in a medium sized post Soviet city: Ust' Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan", Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 94(5), pp. 589-605. . DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-9663.2003.00285.x 10.1046/j.1467-9663.2003.00285.x]

Gentile M. (2004) "Divided post soviet small cities? Residential segregation and urban form in Leninogorsk and Zyryanovsk, Kazakhstan", Geografiska Annaler, Series B: Human Geography, 86(2), pp. 117-136. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1111/j.0435-3684.2004.00157.x 10.1111/j.0435-3684.2004.00157.x]

Reardon S.F.; Yun J.T.; Kurlaender M. (2006) "Implications of income based school assignment policies for racial school segregation", Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 28(1), pp. 49-75. . DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.3102/01623737028001049 10.3102/01623737028001049]

Rodríguez G. (2013) "The use of census tracts to measure residential segregation. Contraindications, proposed methodology and a case study: Argentina 1991 2001; [El uso de zonas censales para medir la segregación residencial. Contraindicaciones, propuesta metodológica y un estudio de caso: Argentina 1991 2001]", Eure, 39(118), pp. 97-122. . DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.4067/S0250-71612013000300005 10.4067/S0250-71612013000300005]

Molinatti F. (2013) "Residential segregation and employment in the city of Cordoba; [Segregación residencial e inserción laboral en la ciudad de Córdoba]", Eure, 39(117), pp. 117-145. Revista de Geografia Norte Grande. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.4067/s0250-71612013000200006 10.4067/s0250-71612013000200006]

Molinatti F. (2013) "Socioeconomic residential segregation in Córdoba (Argentina): Trends and spatial patterns; [Segregación residencial socioeconómica en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina): Tendencias y patrones espaciales]", Revista INVI, 28(79), pp. 61-94. Universidad de Chile, Instituto de la Vivienda. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-83582013000300003 10.4067/s0718-83582013000300003]

Marengo C.; Elorza A.L. (2014) "Trends in residential segregation socioeconomic: The case of Córdoba (Argentina) in 2001 2008; [Tendencias de segregación residencial socioeconómica: El caso de Córdoba (Argentina) en el período 2001 2008]", Eure, 40(120), pp. 111-113. Revista de Geografia Norte Grande. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.4067/S0250-71612014000200006 10.4067/S0250-71612014000200006]

Andersson R.; Kährik A. (2015) "Widening gaps: Segregation dynamics during two decades of economic and institutional change in Stockholm", Socio-Economic Segregation in European Capital Cities: East Meets West, 110-131. Taylor and Francis Inc.. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/ ]

Scarpa S. (2015) "The impact of income inequality on economic residential segregation: The case of Malmö, 1991 2010", Urban Studies, 52(5), pp. 906-922. SAGE Publications Ltd. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1177/0042098014529347 10.1177/0042098014529347]

Barber S.; Diez Roux A.V.; Cardoso L.; Santos S.; Toste V.; James S.; Barreto S.; Schmidt M.; Giatti L.; Chor D. (2018) "At the intersection of place, race, and health in Brazil: Residential segregation and cardio metabolic risk factors in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA Brasil)", Social Science and Medicine, 199(), pp. 67-76. Elsevier Ltd. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.05.047 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.05.047]

Widestrom A. (2018) "Combating modeling “at the expense of relevance”: Moving the study of political behavior past large n survey analysis in american politics", Doing Qualitative Research in Politics: Integrating Theory Building and Policy Relevance, 81-110. Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72230-6_5 10.1007/978-3-319-72230-6_5]

White R.M.B.; Zeiders K.H.; Safa M.D. (2018) "Neighborhood structural characteristics and Mexican origin adolescents' development", Development and Psychopathology, 30(5), pp. 1679-1698. Cambridge University Press. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579418001177 10.1017/S0954579418001177]

Lareau A.; Weininger E.B.; Cox A.B. (2018) "Parental challenges to organizational authority in an elite school district: The role of cultural, social, and symbolic capital", Teachers College Record, 120(1), pp. -. Teachers College, Columbia University. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/ ]

Benavides M.; León J.; Etesse M.; Espezúa L.; Stuart J. (2019) "Exploring the association between segregation and physical intimate partner violence in Lima, Peru: The mediating role of gender norms and social capital", SSM - Population Health, 7(), pp. -. Elsevier Ltd. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.100338 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.100338]

van Ham M.; Uesugi M.; Tammaru T.; Manley D.; Janssen H. (2020) "Changing occupational structures and residential segregation in New York, London and Tokyo", Nature Human Behaviour, 4(11), pp. 1124-1134. Nature Research. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0927-5 10.1038/s41562-020-0927-5]

Flavin P.; Franko W.W. (2020) "Economic Segregation and Unequal Policy Responsiveness", Political Behavior, 42(3), pp. 845-864. Springer. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-018-09522-9 10.1007/s11109-018-09522-9]

Montero R.; Vargas M.; Vásquez D. (2021) "Segregation and Life Satisfaction", Frontiers in Psychology, 11(), pp. -. Frontiers Media S.A.. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.604194 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.604194]

Masaya U. (2021) "Socio spatial Segregation in the Era of growing economic disparities: The Case of Tokyo", Geographical review of Japan series B, 94(1), pp. 18-30. Association of Japanese Geographers. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.94.18 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.94.18]

Sánchez-Uriarte P.M.; Gómez-Maturano R. (2021) "Spatial and aspatial indicators: A complementary approach to the quantitative analysis of residential segregation in Managua; [INDICADORES ESPACIALES Y NO ESPACIALES: UN ENFOQUE COMPLEMENTARIO PARA EL ANÁLISIS CUANTITATIVO DE LA SEGREGACIÓN RESIDENCIAL EN LA CIUDAD DE MANAGUA]", Urbano, 24(43), pp. 52-61. Universidad del Bío Bío. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.22320/07183607.2021.24.43.05 10.22320/07183607.2021.24.43.05]

López Martínez A.; Ceballos Mina O.E. (2021) "Socioeconomic Residential Segregation and Income Inequality in Bogotá: An Analysis Based on Census Data of 2005", Urban Book Series, 433-450. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64569-4_22 10.1007/978-3-030-64569-4_22]

Molinatti F. (2021) "Socio Economic Residential Segregation in Greater Buenos Aires: Evidence of Persistent Territorial Fragmentation Processes", Urban Book Series, 451-469. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64569-4_23 10.1007/978-3-030-64569-4_23]

Abbott E.E.; Buckler D.G.; Hsu J.Y.; Jacoby S.F.; Abella B.S.; Richardson L.D.; Carr B.G.; Zebrowski A.M. (2022) "Survival After Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest: The Role of Racial Residential Segregation", Journal of Urban Health, 99(6), pp. 998-1011. Springer. DOI: [htttp://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-022-00691-x 10.1007/s11524-022-00691-x]