Editing State sponsored segregation

===== Date and country of first publication<ref>Date and country of first publication as informed by the Scopus database (December 2023).</ref>===== 
2012<br>
Canada
===== Definition ===== 

State-sponsored segregation refers to a policy or practice in which the government supports and enforces the separation of individuals or groups based on certain characteristics, such as race, ethnicity, religion, or social class.

One notable historical example of state-sponsored segregation is the system of racial segregation in the United States known as Jim Crow. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, many Southern states implemented laws and policies that enforced racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans. These laws mandated separate facilities and services for white and non-white individuals, including separate schools, transportation, restrooms, restaurants, and even park benches.

Another example is apartheid in South Africa, which was a policy of systematic segregation and discrimination based on race. Apartheid laws, enacted by the National Party government in 1948, enforced strict racial classifications and separate living areas for different racial groups. These laws stripped individuals of their rights based on their race and resulted in significant social and economic inequalities.

State-sponsored segregation not only perpetuates discrimination and inequality but also undermines social harmony and unity. Governments have come under criticism for such policies as they violate basic principles of equality and human rights. In response to these injustices, individuals and groups have often mobilized and advocated for civil rights and equal treatment under the law. Successful movements, such as the Civil Rights Movement in the United States led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., have challenged and dismantled state-sponsored segregation, leading to significant social and legal changes.
==See also== 
==Related segregation forms==
State sponsored segregation is frequently discussed in the literature with the following segregation forms: 

[[racial segregation]], [[residential segregation]]
[[File:state_sponsored_segregation.png|780x780px]]

This visualization is based on the study [[Segregation_Wiki:About| The Multidisciplinary Landscape of Segregation Research]]. 

For the complete network of interrelated segregation forms, please refer to: 

* [https://tinyurl.com/2235lkhw First year of publication] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/2d8wg5n3 Louvain clusters] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/223udk5r Betweenness centrality] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/244d8unz Disciplines in which segregation forms first emerged (Scopus database).] 
==References== 
==Notes== 
<references /> 
{{NoteAI}} 
==State sponsored segregation appears in the following literature== 

Gill A.M.K. (2012). Moving to integration? the origins of Chicago's Gautreaux Program and the limits of voucher based housing mobility. ''Journal of Urban History'', ''38''(4), 662-686. https://doi.org/10.1177/0096144211428771

Sugrue T. (2012). Hillburn, Hattiesburg, and Hitler. ''Fog of War : The Second World War and the Civil Rights Movement'', -. Oxford University Press.https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195382419.003.0005