Editing Immigrant segregation

===== Date and country of first publication<ref>Date and country of first publication as informed by the Scopus database (December 2023).</ref>===== 
1990<br>
United States
===== Definition ===== 

Immigrant segregation refers to the separation or isolation of immigrants from the native population or other groups within society. It can manifest in various ways including residential, educational, and occupational segregation. 

Residential segregation occurs when immigrants live in distinct neighborhoods or communities that are separate from the native population. This separation can arise due to various factors, including economic disparities, language barriers, and cultural differences. It can lead to limited opportunities for social integration and interaction with the wider society, potentially perpetuating discriminatory practices and biases.

Educational segregation refers to the separation of immigrant students within schools or educational institutions. This can occur when immigrant students are placed in separate classes or schools with limited access to resources and opportunities. Language barriers, cultural differences, and discrimination can contribute to this form of segregation, often resulting in educational disadvantages for immigrant students.

Occupational segregation occurs when immigrants are limited to certain types of jobs or industries, often in sectors that offer low wages and poor working conditions. Immigrants may face barriers in accessing higher-skilled employment due to language barriers, lack of recognition of foreign qualifications, and discrimination. This can lead to limited economic and social mobility for immigrants and perpetuate inequalities within the labor market.

Immigrant segregation can have negative implications for both immigrants and the wider society. It can hinder social cohesion, decrease opportunities for cultural exchange and integration, and perpetuate inequality and discrimination. Policies that promote equal opportunities, inclusiveness, and integration are crucial in addressing and reducing immigrant segregation.
===== Synonyms ===== 
The following terms are synonymous with immigrant segregation:

immigrants spatial segregation.

References and literature addressing this segregation form under these synonymous terms can be found below.
==See also== 
==Related segregation forms==
Immigrant segregation is frequently discussed in the literature with the following segregation forms: 

[[racial segregation]], [[social segregation]], [[residential segregation]], [[socioeconomic segregation]], [[spatial segregation]], [[ethnic segregation]], [[multigroup segregation]], [[metropolitan segregation]], [[black immigrant segregation]], [[occupational segregation]], [[school segregation]]
[[File:immigrant_segregation.png|780x780px]]

This visualization is based on the study [[Segregation_Wiki:About| The Multidisciplinary Landscape of Segregation Research]]. 

For the complete network of interrelated segregation forms, please refer to: 

* [https://tinyurl.com/2235lkhw First year of publication] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/2d8wg5n3 Louvain clusters] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/223udk5r Betweenness centrality] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/244d8unz Disciplines in which segregation forms first emerged (Scopus database).] 
==References== 
==Notes== 
<references /> 
{{NoteAI}} 
==Immigrant segregation appears in the following literature== 

Pyong Gap Min (199). Problems of Korean immigrant entrepreneurs. ''International Migration Review'', ''24''(3), 436-455. https://doi.org/10.1177/019791839002400301

Burnley I. (1999). Levels of immigrant residential concentration in Sydney and their relationship with disadvantage. ''Urban Studies'', ''36''(8), 1295-1315. Carfax Publishing Company.https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098993006

Lichter D.T., Johnson K.M. (2006). Emerging rural settlement patterns and the geographic redistribution of America's new immigrants. ''Rural Sociology'', ''71''(1), 109-131. https://doi.org/10.1526/003601106777789828

Cutler D.M., Glaeser E.L., Vigdor J.L. (2008). Is the melting pot still hot? Explaining the resurgence of immigrant segregation. ''Review of Economics and Statistics'', ''90''(3), 478-497. https://doi.org/10.1162/rest.90.3.478

Cutler D.M., Glaeser E.L., Vigdor J.L. (2008). When are ghettos bad? Lessons from immigrant segregation in the United States. ''Journal of Urban Economics'', ''63''(3), 759-774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2007.08.003

Picot G., Hou F. (201). Seeking success in Canada and the United States: Labour market outcomes among the children of immigrants. ''Equal Opportunities? The Labour Market Integration of the Children of Immigrants'', ''9789264086395''(), 79-113. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264086395-4-en

Verdugo G. (2011). Public housing and residential segregation of immigrants in France, 1968 1999. ''Population'', ''66''(1), 169-193. https://doi.org/10.3917/pope.1101.0169

Musterd S. (2011). The impact of immigrants' segregation and concentration on social integration in selected European contexts; [L'impacte de la segregació i la concentració dels immigrants sobre la seva integració en alguns contextos europeus]. ''Documents d'Analisi Geografica'', ''57''(3), 359-380. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona & Universitat de Girona.https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/dag.226

Andreoli F. (2012). Multigroup segregation patterns and determinants: The case of immigrants in an italian city. ''Research on Economic Inequality'', ''20''(), 91-116. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1049-2585(2012)0000020007

Rivas J.J.N. (2012). Foreing population in málaga. evolution of it's residential differentiation levels and trends of spatial distribution (2003/2010); [Población extranjera en el municipio de málaga evolución de sus niveles de diferenciación residencial y de sus pautas de distribución espacial (2003/2010)]. ''Scripta Nova'', ''16''(), -. https://doi.org/

Glikman A., Semyonov M. (2012). Ethnic Origin and Residential Attainment of Immigrants in European Countries. ''City and Community'', ''11''(2), 198-219. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6040.2012.01398.x

Schneider T. (2013). School class composition and student development in cognitive and non cognitive domains: Longitudinal analyses of primary school students in Germany. ''Integration and Inequality in Educational Institutions'', 167-190. Springer Netherlands.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6119-3_8

Nordin M. (2013). Immigrant School Segregation in Sweden. ''Population Research and Policy Review'', ''32''(3), 415-435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-013-9271-z

Hall M. (2013). Residential Integration on the New Frontier: Immigrant Segregation in Established and New Destinations. ''Demography'', ''50''(5), 1873-1896. Duke University Press.https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0177-x

Hall M., Stringfield J. (2014). Undocumented migration and the residential segregation of Mexicans in new destinations. ''Social Science Research'', ''47''(), 61-78. Academic Press Inc..https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.03.009

Schmutz B. (2015). Spatial sorting of African Immigrants in the French Public Housing Market. ''Review of Black Political Economy'', ''42''(3), 247-270. Springer Science and Business Media, LLC.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12114-014-9205-y

Marcińczak S., Tammaru T., Strömgren M., Lindgren U. (2015). Changing patterns of residential and workplace segregation in the Stockholm metropolitan area. ''Urban Geography'', ''36''(7), 969-992. Routledge.https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2015.1012364

Pan Ké Shon J.-L., Verdugo G. (2015). Forty years of immigrant segregation in France, 1968 2007. How different is the new immigration?. ''Urban Studies'', ''52''(5), 823-840. SAGE Publications Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098014529343

Feldmeyer B., Harris C.T., Scroggins J. (2015). Enclaves of opportunity or "ghettos of last resort?" Assessing the effects of immigrant segregation on violent crime rates. ''Social Science Research'', ''52''(), 1-17. Academic Press Inc..https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.01.003

Höschle F., Strielkowski W., Tcukanova O., Welkins E. (2015). Locational preference and unemployment of Asian born immigrant in the U.S. metropolises. ''Geographica Pannonica'', ''19''(2), 58-63. Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management.https://doi.org/10.5937/GeoPan1502058H

Farrell C.R. (2016). Immigrant suburbanisation and the shifting geographic structure of metropolitan segregation in the United States. ''Urban Studies'', ''53''(1), 57-76. SAGE Publications Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098014558537

Finnvold J.E., Ugreninov E. (2018). Refugees’ admission to mental health institutions in Norway: Is there an ethnic density effect?. ''Social Science and Medicine'', ''209''(), 43-50. Elsevier Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.05.029

Park Y. (2018). The relationship between residential distribution of immigrants and crime in South Korea. ''Journal of Distribution Science'', ''16''(7), 47-56. Korea Distribution Science Association (KODISA).https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.16.7.201807.47

Tesfai R. (2019). Double Minority Status and Neighborhoods: Examining the Primacy of Race in Black Immigrants’ Racial and Socioeconomic Segregation. ''City and Community'', ''18''(2), 509-528. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1111/cico.12384

Tesfai R. (2019). Double Minority Status and Neighborhoods: Examining the Primacy of Race in Black Immigrants’ Racial and Socioeconomic Segregation. ''City and Community'', ''18''(2), 509-528. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1111/cico.12384

Xu D. (202). The effects of immigration restriction laws on immigrant segregation in the early twentieth century U.S.. ''Journal of Comparative Economics'', ''48''(2), 422-447. Academic Press Inc..https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2019.10.004

Jaffe-Walter R., Miranda C.P. (202). Segregation or Sanctuary? Examining the Educational Possibilities of Counterpublics for Immigrant English Learners. ''Leadership and Policy in Schools'', ''19''(1), 104-122. Taylor and Francis Inc..https://doi.org/10.1080/15700763.2020.1714057

Tesfai R., Thomas K.J.A. (202). Dimensions of Inequality: Black Immigrants’ Occupational Segregation in the United States. ''Sociology of Race and Ethnicity'', ''6''(1), 1-21. SAGE Publications Inc..https://doi.org/10.1177/2332649219844799

Shin E.J. (2021). Spatial segregation of Chinese immigrants in Seoul, South Korea, during the COVID 19 pandemic: Evidence from population data derived from mobile phone signals. ''Social Science Journal'', -. Taylor and Francis Ltd..https://doi.org/10.1080/03623319.2021.2014207

Křížková I., Le Zhang M., Olner D., Pryce G. (2021). Social Frontiers: Estimating the Spatial Boundaries Between Residential Groups and Their Impacts on Crime. ''Urban Book Series'', 285-304. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74544-8_13

McAvay H., Verdugo G. (2021). Income Inequality and Segregation in the Paris Metro Area (1990 2015). ''Urban Book Series'', 329-345. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64569-4_17

Murillo F.J., Belavi G. (2021). Differential Impact of School Segregation in the Performance of Native and Non Native Students in Spain. ''Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research'', ''10''(1), 85-100. Universidad de Alicante.https://doi.org/10.7821/NAER.2021.1.559

Lu Y. (2022). Detecting Imperfect Substitution between Comparably Skilled Immigrants and Natives: A Machine Learning Approach. ''International Migration Review'', -. SAGE Publications Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1177/01979183221126467