Editing Black racial segregation

===== Date and country of first publication<ref>Date and country of first publication as informed by the Scopus database (December 2023).</ref>===== 
2011<br>
United States
===== Definition ===== 

Black racial segregation refers to the practice of separating black individuals from individuals of other races in public facilities, housing, schools, or other social settings. This segregation was a common practice in the United States during the Jim Crow era, which refers to the period following the emancipation of slaves in the late 19th century until the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. 

During this time, black individuals faced numerous discriminatory laws and practices that sought to enforce racial segregation. These laws, known as Jim Crow laws, prohibited black individuals from accessing the same public facilities, such as schools, restaurants, parks, and public transportation, as white individuals.

Segregation was enforced through various means, such as separate facilities for black individuals and white individuals, the use of separate entrances, the requirement of separate seating arrangements, and the denial of employment opportunities or educational opportunities based on race.

Black racial segregation had significant negative impacts on black individuals and communities, as it created an environment of inequality and limited access to resources, opportunities, and social mobility. It also reinforced racial stereotypes and perpetuated a system of white supremacy.

The Civil Rights Movement, which gained momentum in the 1950s and 1960s, sought to challenge and dismantle racial segregation and promote equal rights and opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their race. The movement resulted in significant achievements, such as the desegregation of schools, the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which prohibited racial discrimination and protected the rights of black individuals.

While legal racial segregation is no longer enforced, there are still concerns and discussions surrounding systemic racism and racial disparities in many aspects of society today.
==See also== 
==Related segregation forms==
Black racial segregation is frequently discussed in the literature with the following segregation forms: 

[[racial segregation]]
[[File:black_racial_segregation.png|780x780px]]

This visualization is based on the study [[Segregation_Wiki:About| The Multidisciplinary Landscape of Segregation Research]]. 

For the complete network of interrelated segregation forms, please refer to: 

* [https://tinyurl.com/2235lkhw First year of publication] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/2d8wg5n3 Louvain clusters] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/223udk5r Betweenness centrality] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/244d8unz Disciplines in which segregation forms first emerged (Scopus database).] 
==References== 
==Notes== 
<references /> 
{{NoteAI}} 
==Black racial segregation appears in the following literature== 

Hutchinson G. (2007). Introduction. ''The Cambridge Companion to the Harlem Renaissance'', 1-10. Cambridge University Press.https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL052185699X.001

Khari Brown R. (2011). The connection between worship attendance and racial segregation attitudes among white and black Americans. ''Religions'', ''2''(3), 277-296. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel2030277