Editing Vertical racial segregation

===== Date and country of first publication<ref>Date and country of first publication as informed by the Scopus database (December 2023).</ref>===== 
2023<br>
United States
===== Definition ===== 

Vertical racial segregation refers to the systemic separation of different racial or ethnic groups within a hierarchical system. It involves unequal access to resources, opportunities, and power based on race.

In vertical racial segregation, individuals belonging to certain racial or ethnic groups are disproportionately excluded from higher positions, leadership roles, and decision-making positions in various institutions such as schools, workplaces, governments, and other organizations. This segregation perpetuates societal inequalities and restricts mobility for marginalized racial groups.

Examples of vertical racial segregation can be seen in the corporate world, where people of color are often underrepresented in higher-level positions. Similarly, in education, schools in racially segregated areas may lack resources and face inadequate funding, putting students of color at a disadvantage.

Vertical racial segregation also manifests in housing, as marginalized racial groups are frequently concentrated in low-income neighborhoods with limited access to quality housing, schools, and other social amenities. This segregation perpetuates inequality by restricting upward mobility and reinforcing racial disparities.

To address vertical racial segregation, efforts must be made to promote diversity and inclusion across all sectors of society. This includes implementing affirmative action policies, addressing bias and discrimination in hiring and promotion processes, and working towards equal access to education, healthcare, and other social resources.
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==Vertical racial segregation appears in the following literature==