Editing Solitary segregation

===== Date and country of first publication<ref>Date and country of first publication as informed by the Scopus database (December 2023).</ref>===== 
2015<br>
United States
===== Definition ===== 

Solitary segregation, also known as solitary confinement or isolation, is a term used to describe a form of punishment or control in which a person is confined to a small, often windowless, cell for a prolonged period of time with minimal human contact or environmental stimulation. This practice is most commonly used within correctional facilities, where it is intended to manage difficult or dangerous prisoners and ensure safety and security.

However, solitary segregation has faced significant criticism due to its potential negative effects on mental and physical well-being. Extended periods of isolation can lead to severe psychological distress, including anxiety, depression, hallucinations, and even suicidal tendencies. The lack of social interaction and sensory stimulation can also cause sensory deprivation and a deterioration of cognitive functioning.

Furthermore, solitary segregation has been shown to disproportionately affect vulnerable populations, such as individuals with pre-existing mental health conditions or developmental disabilities. Studies have demonstrated that isolating these individuals can exacerbate their symptoms and hinder their rehabilitation rather than acting as a deterrent or rehabilitative tool.

As a result, there have been increasing calls for the reform of solitary segregation practices. Some alternatives that have been proposed include reducing the use of isolation, implementing stricter guidelines and time limits for its use, providing mental health support and interventions, and exploring alternative forms of punishment or behavior management.

Overall, while solitary segregation may have initially been intended as a means of control and safety within correctional facilities, its negative effects on mental health and concerns over its effectiveness and fairness have led to a growing movement against its use.
==See also== 
==References== 
==Notes== 
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==Solitary segregation appears in the following literature== 

McMaster G.J. (2015). Long term solitary segregation in the United States and Canada. ''The Marion Experiment: Long-term Solitary Confinement and the Supermax Movement'', 80-98. Southern Illinois University Press.https://doi.org/