Editing First generation segregation

===== Date and country of first publication<ref>Date and country of first publication as informed by the Scopus database (December 2023).</ref>===== 
2015<br>
United States
===== Definition ===== 

First generation segregation refers to the period in the United States following the Civil War and Reconstruction when laws and policies were enacted to enforce the separation of African Americans from white Americans in public spaces, schools, housing, and other areas of society. Examples of first generation segregation include the establishment of Jim Crow laws, the Supreme Court ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson that upheld segregation as constitutional, and the formation of separate facilities and institutions for black Americans. This era of segregation lasted from the late 19th century until the mid-20th century when the Civil Rights Movement successfully challenged these discriminatory practices.
==See also== 
==Related segregation forms==
First generation segregation is frequently discussed in the literature with the following segregation forms: 

[[racial segregation]], [[second generation segregation]]
[[File:first_generation_segregation.png|780x780px]]

This visualization is based on the study [[Segregation_Wiki:About| The Multidisciplinary Landscape of Segregation Research]]. 

For the complete network of interrelated segregation forms, please refer to: 

* [https://tinyurl.com/2235lkhw First year of publication] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/2d8wg5n3 Louvain clusters] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/223udk5r Betweenness centrality] 

* [https://tinyurl.com/244d8unz Disciplines in which segregation forms first emerged (Scopus database).] 
==References== 
==Notes== 
<references /> 
{{NoteAI}} 
==First generation segregation appears in the following literature== 

Mickelson R.A. (2015). The Cumulative Disadvantages of First  and Second Generation Segregation for Middle School Achievement. ''American Educational Research Journal'', ''52''(4), 657-692. SAGE Publications Inc..https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831215587933